Taklîf of Lunar and Solar Eclipse Prayers According to Fiqh and Scientific Perspective

Mulyadi, Ahmad (2019) Taklîf of Lunar and Solar Eclipse Prayers According to Fiqh and Scientific Perspective. al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial, 14 (1). pp. 27-49. ISSN ISSN (Print) 1907-591X ISSN (online) 2442-3084

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Abstract

The motion of earth, moon and sun result in natural phenomena which people can directly see and tangibly experience. They occur globally yet are experienced locally, such as the phenomenon of solar and lunar eclipses. In Islamic studies discussion, this leads to specific consequence relating to taklîf (compulsion) of worship to perform eclipse prayers. Therefore, this study aims to elaborate whether the local eclipse phenomenon could apply the taklîf globally. Another question is on when the obligation is urged to Moslem.Using the approach of fiqh and science through descriptive-analytic method, this study finds that in scientific perspective, both solar and lunar eclipses are sunnatullah or natural phenomenon relating to rotation of earth, moon and sun. From the earth, this phenomenon comes in two types of condition. First, it could be both computed and witnessed, while second, it could only computed but not everyone could eye- nakedly witness it. In fact, solar eclipse, for instance, although globally accessible through digital instruments, could be only manually seen in any local and limited area. Therefore, in the fiqh based perspective, the taklîf of eclipse prayers only applies based on mathla` wilâyah al-hukm. It is based on the strong belief that hisâb indicates the occurrence of eclipse on any certain area in Indonesia and is empirically proved. The taklîf, therefore, only applies for those who see the phenomenon. Keywords: Eclipse Prayers; Local Mathla`; Kusûf; Khusûf

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	A General Works > AC Collections. Series. Collected works A General Works > AS Academies and learned societies (General) H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
Depositing User:	Administrator Khazanah
Date Deposited:	01 Jul 2025 08:49
Last Modified:	01 Jul 2025 08:49
URI:	http://repository.iainmadura.ac.id/id/eprint/1332

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